Gaza

Head of orthopedic surgery at al-Shifa Hospital

Dr. Adnan al-Bursh, 50, head of orthopedics at al-Shifa Hospital, died in Israeli custody at Ofer prison four months after soldiers detained him while he was on duty at al-Awda Hospital; a UN expert said he had reportedly been beaten and bore signs of torture, and demanded an independent international investigation.

Open: The UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health said the case 'raises serious concerns that he died following torture at the hands of Israeli authorities' and called for an independent international investigation; Israeli authorities had not released his body weeks after his death. No investigation is known to have taken place.

Al Jazeera correspondent in Gaza City

Anas al-Sharif, one of Gaza's most prominent journalists, was killed with five colleagues in an Israeli missile strike on the Al Jazeera tent outside al-Shifa Hospital; Israel claimed responsibility, alleging he led a Hamas cell — an accusation CPJ said lacked credible evidence and fit a documented pattern.

Open: UN experts condemned the killing as an attempt to silence reporting; press-freedom organizations continue to demand an independent investigation and accountability.

Twelve-year-old who dreamed of YouTube fame

Awni Eldous, a 12-year-old who ran a small gaming channel and dreamed of reaching a million subscribers, was among 15 people — seven of them children — killed in an Israeli airstrike on a residential building in Gaza City in the war's first hours, the BBC and Haaretz reported.

Open: His channel, which had about 1,000 subscribers when he died, passed one million after his death as people worldwide moved to fulfill his stated dream.

Turkish-American activist shot dead at a West Bank protest

Aysenur Ezgi Eygi, 26, a recent University of Washington graduate volunteering with the International Solidarity Movement, was shot in the head by Israeli soldiers during a protest against settlement expansion in Beita, in what a witness told AP was a moment of calm.

Open: Israel's military said it was 'highly likely' its forces shot Eygi 'indirectly and unintentionally'; Turkey opened its own investigation, and her family has demanded an independent US inquiry.

Three-year-old killed in the al-Mawasi tent massacre

Eleen Muammar, three, was killed when Israeli missiles struck tents sheltering displaced families in al-Mawasi — an area Israel had designated a 'humanitarian zone'; her father dug his wife and daughters from the sand, and footage of the family mourning her small shrouded body spread around the world.

Open: The Israeli military said it had targeted three senior Hamas figures in the strike; Airwars found no open-source confirmation that any of the three were killed.

Autistic Palestinian Jerusalemite shot on his way to his special-needs school

Eyad al-Hallaq, 32, was shot dead by Israeli border police in Jerusalem's Old City while walking to the special-needs school where he studied and worked; he was cornered in a garbage shed and shot after his counselor's warnings that he was disabled — the officer who fired was charged with reckless manslaughter and acquitted in 2023.

Open: The Jerusalem District Court acquitted the officer in July 2023; prosecutors declined to appeal, and Israel's Supreme Court upheld that decision, ending the case without accountability. His family, represented by Adalah and Al-Mezan, had petitioned the court to order an appeal.

Retired teacher shot dead while fleeing with her white-flag-carrying grandson

Hala Khreis, 57, a retired Arabic teacher, was shot in the chest and killed on November 12, 2023, as she fled Gaza City's al-Rimal neighborhood on foot at the front of a column of civilians waving white flags, holding the hand of her four-year-old grandson Tayem; her family said Israeli forces fired the shot, and a CNN investigation found Israeli troops had been stationed as close as 200 meters away.

Open: The Israeli military told CNN the incident was 'being examined,' but when pressed said it had been referring to a different incident in al-Mawasi and did not say whether Hala's killing was being investigated. No investigation is known to have taken place.

Al Jazeera camera operator; eldest son of Gaza bureau chief Wael al-Dahdouh

Hamza al-Dahdouh, 27, was killed with freelance videographer Mustafa Thuraya when an Israeli drone strike hit their car as they drove back from a filming assignment near Rafah; Israel later alleged he was an Islamic Jihad operative, citing a document that experts questioned and that Al Jazeera and his family rejected as fabricated.

Open: The Israeli military alleged Hamza belonged to Palestinian Islamic Jihad; experts told the BBC the supporting document was unusual, and the family told CPJ he had received Israeli security approval to leave Gaza two days before he was killed. No independent investigation into the strike is known to have taken place.

Al Jazeera Mubasher correspondent in northern Gaza

Hossam Shabat, 23, was killed when an Israeli drone strike hit his car in Beit Lahia days after Israel broke the Gaza ceasefire; Israel claimed he was a Hamas sniper, an accusation first leveled in October 2024 that Al Jazeera and press-freedom groups rejected as baseless.

Open: UNESCO's director-general condemned the killing and called for an investigation; CPJ has classified his death among Israel's deliberate targeting of journalists.

Six-year-old killed with ten members of his family when their truck was attacked a week into the ceasefire

Ibrahim Ihab Abu Shaaban, six, was one of eleven members of the Abu Shaaban family — seven of them children — killed around 3 p.m. on October 17, 2025, when Israeli forces attacked the pickup truck carrying the family through Gaza City's al-Zeitoun neighborhood, one week after the ceasefire took effect; the Israeli military told the BBC the vehicle had crossed the 'yellow line' and troops 'opened fire to remove the threat.'

Open: The Israeli military acknowledged firing on the family's vehicle, telling the BBC it had crossed the 'yellow line' and continued to approach troops, who 'opened fire to remove the threat, in accordance with the agreement.' It did not address the killing of the seven children. No further accountability is known.

Al Jazeera camera operator in Gaza City

Ibrahim Zaher, 25, an Al Jazeera camera operator, was killed with four colleagues when an Israeli missile struck the network's tent at al-Shifa Hospital — the channel's entire Gaza City team, lost in a single strike that press-freedom groups called a targeted attack.

Open: Israel's military alleged that one of those killed, Anas al-Sharif, was a militant, but said nothing about Zaher or the other journalists; CPJ documented the strike as targeted. No investigation into the attack is known to have taken place.

Journalist killed by drone fire in the tent encampment where she was displaced

Iman al-Zamili, 43, a journalist displaced from Rafah to a tent in Khan Younis, was killed by Israeli drone fire in the early hours of September 1, 2025, near Hamad Towers; her sister told the MADA Center that a quadcopter drone struck beside her tent and shrapnel hit her head, while other reports said she was shot while collecting drinking water.

Open: A Palestinian Journalists Syndicate report published in November 2025 counted al-Zamili among 44 Palestinian journalists killed inside displacement tents during the war, according to Sada News.

Al Jazeera Arabic correspondent in northern Gaza

Ismail al-Ghoul, 27, and cameraman Rami al-Rifi were killed by an Israeli drone strike on their car minutes after reporting from the destroyed home of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh; Al Jazeera called it a targeted assassination, and Israel's claim that he was a Hamas operative was rejected by the network and questioned by press-freedom groups.

Open: CPJ documented eyewitness accounts indicating the journalists were deliberately targeted; Al Jazeera pledged legal action, and no independent investigation is known to have occurred.

Amputee champion swimmer and coach killed in the al-Taba'een school strike

Majdi al-Tatar, 44, a member of the Palestinian Paralympic swimming team who lost a leg at age ten and became one of Gaza's best-known swimming coaches, was killed in the Israeli strike on the al-Taba'een school shelter during dawn prayers.

Open: The Israeli military published a list of 31 people it said were militants targeted in the strike; Airwars found no open-source evidence linking most of those named — among them academics and a deputy mayor — to any militant group.

Freelance visual journalist for The Associated Press

Mariam Abu Daqqa, 33, was one of five journalists killed in an Israeli 'double-tap' strike on Nasser Hospital that killed at least 20 people; a second missile hit journalists and rescue workers responding to the first strike, in an attack captured live on video.

Open: The Israeli military said the strike targeted a Hamas camera; Reuters said Israel was fully aware its crew was filming from the hospital, and press groups demanded an independent investigation.

Cardiologist and director of the Indonesian Hospital in northern Gaza

Dr. Marwan al-Sultan, 49, director of Gaza's Indonesian Hospital and one of the last two cardiologists in the Strip, was killed on July 2, 2025, when an Israeli airstrike struck the rented Gaza City apartment where his displaced family was sheltering; his wife, a daughter, his sister and his son-in-law were killed with him, and the Israeli military said it had struck a 'key terrorist' and was reviewing harm to civilians.

Open: The Israeli military said it had struck a 'key terrorist' from Hamas, that it 'regrets any harm to uninvolved individuals,' and that the incident was under review. No findings have been made public.

Al Jazeera correspondent in Gaza City

Mohammed Qreiqeh, 33, gave his last broadcast minutes before an Israeli missile hit the journalists' tent at al-Shifa Hospital, killing him with correspondent Anas al-Sharif, cameramen Ibrahim Zaher and Mohammed Noufal, and other media workers; UN experts called the strike a deliberate attempt to silence reporting from Gaza City.

Open: Israel's military claimed Anas al-Sharif was a Hamas cell leader, publishing images CPJ said were not credible; it made no allegation against Qreiqeh. UN special rapporteurs demanded an immediate independent investigation; none is known to have taken place.

Freelance videographer who filmed for Agence France-Presse and other outlets

Mustafa Thuraya, a freelance videographer whose footage was used by Agence France-Presse and other news outlets, was killed with Al Jazeera's Hamza al-Dahdouh when an Israeli drone struck their car near Rafah; Israel alleged he was a Hamas commander but published no evidence, a claim his family called false.

Open: The Israeli military alleged Thuraya was a Hamas squad deputy commander but shared no documents supporting the claim; his cousin told Le Monde he operated a drone to shoot photos and videos he sold to news agencies. No independent investigation into the strike is known to have occurred.

Thirteen-year-old who died of his burns three days after the al-Taba'een school strike

Omar Yasser al-Jabri, 13, was critically burned in the August 10, 2024 strike on the al-Taba'een school during dawn prayers — the strike that killed his mother and brother — and died of his wounds three days later.

Open: The UN Human Rights Office condemned the strike, citing the increasing frequency of Israeli attacks on schools sheltering displaced people.

Father of three killed waiting for flour in the 'flour massacre'

Raed Mushtaha, a father of three, was killed in the February 29, 2024 'flour massacre' in Gaza City; his brother Mohammed found his body on the coastal road and said he was killed by a tank shell fired into the crowd waiting for aid.

Open: No independent investigation into the killings on al-Rashid Street is known to have taken place.

Ten-year-old killed with eight of his siblings in the strike on the al-Najjar family home

Rakan, ten, was one of nine children of doctors Alaa and Hamdi al-Najjar killed when an Israeli airstrike hit the family home in Khan Younis; his name — Rakan Hamdi Yahya al-Najjar, ten years old — appears on the Gaza health authorities' list of the war dead published by The Guardian.

Open: Israel said its aircraft struck 'suspects' operating near its troops and that the claim of harm to uninvolved civilians was 'under review'; Israeli media later reported the military opened a Southern Command investigation into the strike. No findings have been made public.

Volunteer paramedic during Gaza's Great March of Return

Razan al-Najjar, 21, a volunteer medic treating protesters at the Gaza boundary fence, was fatally shot by Israeli fire as she stood with fellow medics about 25 meters from the fence in her medical uniform; a B'Tselem investigation concluded she was deliberately targeted, and spatial analysis commissioned by The New York Times traced the shot to a sniper's position at the fence.

Open: Israel's initial probe claimed no shots were deliberately aimed at her, and the military later published a selectively edited video implying she was a human shield; a UN commission of inquiry found reasonable grounds that Israeli snipers committed war crimes during the 2018 protests. No one is known to have been charged in her killing.

Three-year-old whose grandfather's farewell moved the world

Reem Nabhan, three, was killed with her five-year-old brother Tarek when an Israeli airstrike hit the family home in Nuseirat as they slept; footage of her grandfather Khaled cradling her body and calling her 'the soul of my soul' was seen around the world.

Open: Her grandfather Khaled Nabhan was himself killed in an Israeli strike on Nuseirat on December 16, 2024; no investigation into either strike is known.

Poet, professor of English literature at the Islamic University of Gaza, editor of 'Gaza Writes Back'

Refaat Alareer, 44, was killed with his brother, his sister and four of her children in an Israeli airstrike on his sister's home, a day after a threatening phone call prompted him to leave the shelter where he had been staying; his final poem, 'If I Must Die,' spread across the world after his death.

Open: His poem 'If I Must Die' was translated into dozens of languages and read at protests worldwide; his daughter Shymaa and her infant son were themselves killed in an airstrike months after his death. No investigation into the strike that killed him is known.

Palestinian driver and translator for World Central Kitchen

Saifeddin Issam Ayad Abutaha, 25, the Palestinian member of World Central Kitchen's Gaza team, was behind the wheel of one of the convoy's cars when Israeli drones struck it on April 1, 2024, killing him and six foreign colleagues.

Open: World Central Kitchen and the victims' families have demanded an independent investigation; Israel dismissed two officers, but no criminal charges are known to have been brought.

Veteran Al Jazeera Arabic correspondent; Palestinian-American

Shireen Abu Akleh, 51, was shot in the head while covering an Israeli raid in Jenin, wearing a helmet and a vest marked 'PRESS'; investigations by CNN, the AP, The Washington Post and a UN commission concluded Israeli forces fired the fatal shot — CNN found evidence of a targeted attack — while Israel acknowledged a 'high possibility' its fire killed her but said it was accidental.

Open: The FBI opened an investigation in November 2022 that CPJ says has shown no demonstrable progress; her case has been submitted to the International Criminal Court by the Palestinian Authority, her family and Al Jazeera. No one has been held accountable.

The baby of the al-Najjar family, killed with eight of her siblings in the strike on their home

Sidra, the infant daughter of doctors Alaa and Hamdi al-Najjar, was killed with eight of her siblings on May 23, 2025, when an Israeli airstrike destroyed the family home in Khan Younis while her mother was on duty at Nasser Hospital; CNN, citing the children's cousin, described her as the breastfed baby of the family and reported the missing infant as seven months old — the Guardian and Drop Site News instead identified the family's six-month-old as her sister Sayden.

Open: Israel said its aircraft had struck 'suspects' operating from a structure near its troops and that 'the claim regarding harm to uninvolved civilians is under review.' No findings have been made public.

Former Palestine national football team forward nicknamed the 'Palestinian Pelé'

Suleiman al-Obeid, 41, a former Palestine international known as the 'Palestinian Pelé,' was shot dead on August 6, 2025, while waiting for humanitarian aid in southern Gaza, the Palestine Football Association said; AP said it could not independently verify the account, and the Israeli military said an initial review found no record of the incident.

Open: After UEFA posted a tribute to al-Obeid, Mohamed Salah publicly asked it 'how he died, where, and why?'; an IDF spokesman replied that an initial review found 'no records of any incidents involving Suleiman al-Obeid' and asked for more details. UEFA president Aleksander Čeferin later sent condolences in a letter published by the PFA.

Four-year-old killed with eight relatives in the strike on the al-Jamasi family home

Suwar Obeida al-Jamasi, four, was killed before dawn on March 18, 2025, when an Israeli airstrike destroyed the al-Jamasi family home in Gaza City's al-Sabra neighborhood, killing nine members of the family including four children; the Israeli military confirmed the strike, saying it killed her grandfather, Hamas political-bureau member Muhammad Daoud al-Jamasi, while Airwars recorded the four children and three women among the dead.

Open: The Israeli military confirmed the strike in a March 19, 2025 statement naming Muhammad Daoud al-Jamasi, but did not acknowledge the family members killed with him; Airwars graded the strike 'declared' and civilian harm 'fair,' matching the victims' names to the Gaza health ministry's ninth fatalities list.

Five-year-old twin killed with her sister Sidra and their family in Rafah

Suzan, five, was killed with her twin sister Sidra, her baby brother Malek, her parents and her grandparents when Israeli airstrikes destroyed the house her displaced family was renting in Rafah; her uncle identified her body by the small purse she always slept with.

Open: No independent investigation into the strike on the Hassouna family home is known to have taken place.

Palestinian-American high-school senior from Louisiana

Tawfic Abdel Jabbar, 17, a Louisiana native spending a year in his family's ancestral West Bank village, was shot in the head by Israeli fire while driving a pickup truck on a dirt road hundreds of meters from the highway; the sole witness called the shooting unprovoked, and the White House demanded a transparent investigation.

Open: Israeli police said the shooting 'ostensibly' involved an off-duty law enforcement officer, a soldier and a civilian, and opened an investigation; the family gave witness testimony, but no charges are known to have been filed.

Twelve-year-old killed with eight of his siblings in the strike on the al-Najjar family home

Yahya, twelve, was the eldest of the nine children of doctors Alaa and Hamdi al-Najjar killed when an Israeli airstrike destroyed the family home in Khan Younis; his mother, a pediatrician on duty at Nasser Hospital, ran home to find the house on fire, and his father died of his wounds nine days later.

Open: Israel said its aircraft struck 'suspects' operating near its troops and that the claim of harm to uninvolved civilians was 'under review'; Israeli media later reported the military opened a Southern Command investigation into the strike. No findings have been made public.

Journalist shot dead by a sniper while covering the siege of Nasser Hospital

Yasser Mamdouh El-Fady, 40, a journalist with the Kan'an News Agency, was killed by sniper fire near Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis as Israeli forces besieged the city's largest functioning hospital; UNESCO's Director-General condemned the killing and demanded an investigation.

Open: UNESCO's observatory of killed journalists lists the inquiry into El-Fady's killing as ongoing and unresolved.

Australian aid worker killed with six World Central Kitchen colleagues

Lalzawmi 'Zomi' Frankcom, 43, of Melbourne, was one of seven World Central Kitchen workers killed when Israeli drones struck their convoy in Gaza; an Australian government inquiry found the attack resulted from serious failures of IDF procedures, mistaken identification and errors in decision-making.

Open: Israel dismissed two officers over the strikes; in 2026 Australia pressed Israel for full accountability, including criminal charges, in Frankcom's killing.

Pediatrician and director of Kamal Adwan Hospital

Dr. Hussam Abu Safiya was detained when Israeli forces raided and shut down Kamal Adwan Hospital — the last major functioning hospital in northern Gaza — and has been held without charge or trial under Israel's 'unlawful combatant' law ever since.

Open: UN experts, the WHO and Physicians for Human Rights Israel have demanded his release amid reports of torture and deteriorating health; his detention without charge has been challenged before Israel's Supreme Court.

Al Jazeera cameraman

Fadi al-Wahidi was shot in the neck by Israeli fire while filming near Jabalia refugee camp, leaving him paralyzed; Israel blocked his medical evacuation for 122 days despite appeals from UN experts, before he was finally evacuated to Egypt on February 8, 2025.

Open: A Forbidden Stories investigation concluded he was shot while clearly identifiable as press; evacuated to Egypt, he continues treatment and rehabilitation for paralysis.

Survivor of the 'flour massacre' on al-Rashid Street

Abdel Jalil Al-Fayoumi, 22, survived the February 29, 2024 'flour massacre,' in which at least 112 Palestinians were killed around an aid convoy in Gaza City; after hours of searching he found the body of his 15-year-old cousin Moatasem at Al-Shifa Hospital.

Open: UN experts condemned the killings and urged Israel to end its 'campaign of starvation' in Gaza; no one is known to have been held accountable for the shooting.

Filmmaker and AJ+ journalist who documented the war from inside Gaza

Bisan Owda, a filmmaker from Beit Hanoun, documented her family's displacement and Gaza's destruction in the AJ+ series 'It's Bisan from Gaza and I'm Still Alive,' reaching tens of millions of viewers and winning a Peabody Award and a News & Documentary Emmy in 2024.

Open: Owda continued reporting from Gaza; the Financial Times named her one of the most influential women of 2024.

British-Palestinian plastic and reconstructive surgeon

Ghassan Abu Sitta spent 43 days operating under siege in Gaza's al-Ahli and al-Shifa hospitals at the start of the war, then became one of the conflict's most prominent medical witnesses, giving testimony to British police and evidence to the International Criminal Court.

Open: His testimony forms part of ongoing war-crimes evidence-gathering by UK police and the ICC; in 2025 he prevailed in a legal battle against a German entry ban imposed over his advocacy.

Photojournalist who became Gaza's 'eyes and ears'

Motaz Azaiza spent 108 days documenting Israel's bombardment of Gaza for an audience that grew into the tens of millions before evacuating to Qatar in January 2024; TIME named him one of the 100 most influential people of 2024.

Open: Based in Doha since his evacuation, he continues to exhibit his work and speak internationally on Gaza and the protection of journalists.

Journalist whose video diaries from Gaza reached millions

Plestia Alaqad, 22, became known as 'the eyes of Gaza' for the Instagram video diaries she filmed through the war's first weeks; after her accounts were hacked and her neighborhood destroyed, she left Gaza with her family in November 2023, later publishing the bestselling memoir 'The Eyes of Gaza.'

Open: Alaqad was named to the BBC 100 Women list for 2024 and began a master's in media studies at the American University of Beirut on the Shireen Abu Akleh Memorial Scholarship.

Boy filmed waving a white flag beside his grandmother Hala Khreis when she was shot

Tayem, four, was walking a few paces ahead of the crowd, holding his grandmother Hala Khreis's hand with a white flag in his other hand, when she was shot dead beside him on November 12, 2023, during the flight from Gaza City's al-Rimal neighborhood; separated from his family in the chaos, he reached the south with acquaintances and was later found in Rafah.

Open: As of CNN's January 2024 report, Tayem was in Rafah with his uncle and his parents had not yet been reunited with him; whether the reunion has since taken place is not documented in the reporting reviewed.